• India and Pakistan are engaged in heightened military conflict with artillery exchanges and drone attacks reported across the Line of Control and international border.
• Both sides claim to have inflicted damage on the other's military infrastructure and report civilian casualties and infrastructure damage.
• International community expresses concern and calls for de-escalation, while the United States and China take differing stances based on their strategic alliances in the region.

Tensions between India and Pakistan have escalated significantly, marked by intense artillery fire, reported drone attacks, and cross-border strikes. The conflict follows a terrorist attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, which India blames on Pakistan. This has led to military actions, including India's 'Operation Sindoor,' and retaliatory measures, impacting civilian populations and raising concerns about a full-blown war. Both nations have a history of conflict, particularly over the disputed Kashmir region, making this escalation a serious threat to regional stability.

• What: The conflict involves artillery exchanges, drone attacks, and cross-border strikes between India and Pakistan, resulting in civilian and military casualties and infrastructure damage.
• Who: Key actors include the Indian and Pakistani military forces, civilian populations in border regions, and international entities such as the United States, China, and the United Nations.
• When: The escalation began following the April 22, 2025 terrorist attack in Pahalgam, with intensified military actions occurring in the first week of May 2025.
• Where: The conflict is primarily focused along the Line of Control dividing Kashmir and the international border between India and Pakistan, impacting cities and towns in regions such as Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab, and Rajasthan.

The India-Pakistan conflict represents a complex geopolitical challenge with deep historical roots. The recent escalation highlights the fragility of the region and the potential for a full-scale war between two nuclear-armed nations. Differing international stances, particularly between the United States and China, add complexity to the situation. The disruption of daily life, economic impacts, and humanitarian concerns underscore the urgent need for de-escalation and diplomatic intervention to prevent further escalation and ensure regional stability.

We are remaining engaged with both governments at multiple levels.

There is no support in the world for this senseless conflict... it has been rather mismanaged – and should never have been allowed to get to this point.

A crisis where you have cross-border airstrikes and an aerial dogfight, like we saw in 2019, carries significant escalation risks. And that’s all the more problematic when it involves two nuclear-armed neighbors.

What we can do is try to encourage these folks to de-escalate a little bit, but we’re not going to get involved in the middle of war that’s fundamentally none of our business and has nothing to do with America’s ability to control it.

The India-Pakistan conflict has reached a critical juncture with increased military activity and heightened tensions. The situation demands immediate diplomatic intervention to prevent further escalation and address the underlying issues. The international community's role is crucial in facilitating dialogue and promoting a peaceful resolution to ensure stability in the region and prevent a potentially devastating war.